| A |
|
| Additive
Color |
Refers
to the mixing of primary colors (red, green, and blue
—RGB) to produce the visual spectrum of colors.
|
| Address |
A
location of data in memory, e-mail, internet, or media
accesses control address on a network. |
| Algorithm |
A
mathematical routine that solves typically complex problem
or equation. |
| Analog |
An
electronic signal. |
| Apple
Talk |
A
communication protocol. |
| Artifact |
Unwanted
visual anomalies or defects generated by an input or output
device or software operation that degrades image quality. |
|
| B |
| Background |
In
multitasking environments several application can run
simultaneously. |
| Baud
Rate |
The
number of voltage or frequency changes made per second
on a communication line. |
| Bitmap |
A method of describing an array or map of bits within
a rectangular grid of pixels. |
| Bland
Point |
In
image data the darkest shadow in the image histogram used
to adjust the tonal range of the image. |
| Brightness |
An
attribute of a visual sensation in which an area appears
to exhibit more or less light. |
|
| C |
| Cache |
A
bank of high-speed memory set aside for frequently accessed
data.
|
| Calibration |
Setting equipment to a standard measure for predictable
results. |
| Chroma |
The
strength of a particular color by which we can disttinguish
a strong color from a weak one. |
| Chrome |
A positive film image. |
| Chrominance |
The color and saturation information in a video signal.
|
| Color |
Visual perception created when light of varying wavelengths
in the region of about 400-700 nm is detected by the receptors
of the eye. |
| Color
Calibration |
Comparison of the color reproduction capability of a device
to a known standard color. |
| Color
Correction |
The process of adjusting an image to correct for scanner
color imbalances or for the characteristics of the chosen
output device. |
| Colorimeter |
An instrument that measures color in terns of responsivities
prescribed by the CIE standard observer. |
| CIE |
International Commission on Illumination-The main international
organization concerned with color and color measurement
and the definition of standards related to color measurements. |
| Compression |
The conversion of digital data into a more compact form
by using complicated algorithms. |
| Contrast |
The range between the darkest and brightest components
of an image. |
|
| D |
| Device
Profile |
Mathematical equations or look-up tables used transform
from a common color space to the specific color space
of a device.
|
| Digital
Color Printing |
Printing
technology in which digital data is output to inkjet,
electrostatic thermal transfer, dye sublimation, and photographic
printing devices on a pixel-by-pixel basis. |
| Dot
Gain |
The
rate at which dots of ink are absorbed into the paper
being printed, causing changes in colors or tones. |
| Driver |
A
program that allows a hardware peripheral, known as a
device, to communicate with a computer. |
|
| E |
| EPS |
Encapsulated
Post Script-A graphic format used to describe an image
in PostScript page description language. |
|
| F |
| Flatbed
Scanner |
A
type of scanner that captures image data using a linear
array CCD detector. |
|
| G |
| Graphics
File Format |
A file format used to store any of the file formats used
to store images in a digital form, e.g., GIF, BMP, JPG,
TIF. |
| GCR |
The
process of removing the graying component of the least
dominatble color and replacing that amount with black
ink in the black separation. |
|
| H |
| Halftone |
A
process for representing the tones in an image by dots
of varying sizes. |
| Highlight |
The
lowest density that can be found on a photographic print
or a transparency that is a white object. |
| Hue |
One
of the characteristics of a color model that relates to
its most basic component. |
|
| I |
| Inkjet
printer |
A type of non-impact printing technology that sprays
ink onto a surface.
|
| ICC
(International Color Consortium) |
A group of companies agreeing to develop standards defining
color and reproduction characteristics of hardware/software
devices and media independent of device-specific characteristics.
|
| Interpolation |
A process for increasing image size by using nearby pixels
to estimate the color for pixels in the new larger image.
|
|
| J |
| Jaggies |
The
visual stair-stepping edges that occur in an image when
the image resolution is too low. |
| JPEG
(Joint Photographic Experts Group) |
A
standard image compression method using a cascade of compression
modes that can achieve compression ratios as high as 100:1. |
|
| K |
| |
There
are no entries for this letter. |
|
| L |
| L*A*B |
A
color model that defines color in terms of lightness and
two other variables related to chominance such that the
resulting color space is uniform in appearance. |
| Line
Art |
A
graphic created entirely of distinct lines with solid-color
ink. |
| Look
up Table |
A table of color values that is used to either convert
from one color space to another for inputting or outputting
data to different types of devices. |
| Luminance |
The
rate at which a source emits light in a specific direction. |
|
| M |
| Moiré |
An
undesirable optical effect created by overlapping grids
and lines due to under sampling of the image data. |
| Monitor
Calibration |
The
process of defining video ramp tables and white points
with a color profile. |
| Multitasking |
The capability of a computer system to process more
than one job at a time.
|
|
| N |
| |
There are no entries for this letter. |
|
| O |
|
There
are no entries for this letter. |
|
| P |
| Pantone |
A
scheme for representing color as data. |
| Peripheral |
Any
external device that may be connected to a computer. |
| Pixel |
The
smallest element of a digital image where brightness or
color values have been measured. |
| PDF
(Portable Document Format) |
A document type created by Adobe Acrobat to provide a
cross-platform method to transfer information. |
| Posterizaition |
Converting an image to a more elementary form by lowering
all tonal values. |
| Postscript |
A standard page description language in desktop publishing
that describes the appearance of text, graphical shapes,
and images as printed or displayed pages in a device independent
way. |
| Profile |
A
mathematical equation used to transform from one color
space to another color space. |
|
| Q |
|
There
are no entries for this letter. |
|
| R |
| Raster
Image |
An
image composed of lines of pixels as in a bitmap. |
| RIP
(Raster Image Processor) |
Software
or hardware/software combined products that convert images
described in the form of vector graphic statements into
bitmap images. |
| Resolution |
The
amount of detail in spatial or color variations that can
be identified in an image. |
|
| S |
| Saturation |
The
perceived colorfulness of an area in relation to its brightness. |
| Scanner |
A hardware device for capturing an optical image as
binary data.
|
| Shadow |
The darkest parts of an image. |
| Spectrophotometer |
A
device for measuring color at a variety of wavelengths
throughout the visible spectrum. |
|
| T |
| TIFF |
A
platform independent image file format specifically designed
for scanned images. |
| TCP/IP |
Internet
protocol. |
|
| U |
| UCR |
The
process of eliminating equal amounts of yellow, magenta,
and cyan from the neural shadow areas and replacing them
with black ink in the black separation. |
|
| V |
| Vector
Image |
Images
produced using mathematically generated points, lines
and shapes. In addition, vector file can be resized and
manipulated without losing resolution. |
|
| W |
| White
Point |
In
image data the brightest non-specular highlight in the
image histogram used to adjust the tonal range of the
image. |
| WYSIWYG |
What
you see is what you get. |
|
| X |
| |
There
are no entries for this letter. |
|
| Y |
| |
There are no entries for this letter. |
|
| Z |
|
There
are no entries for this letter. |
